The world in brief 【2022-12-24】

Catch up quickly on the global stories that matter Updated 4 hours ago (21:02 GMT / 05:02 Hong Kong)

The world in brief 【2022-12-24】

【乌克兰、美国】【战争、援助】美国众议院通过对乌克兰的进一步援助的支出法案

America’s House of Representatives averted a partial government shutdown by passing a 45bn in further aid to Ukraine. President Joe Biden is expected to sign the bill in the coming days. Lawmakers rushed to get the legislation through before midnight on Friday, when current funding for federal agencies was due to run out.

美国众议院通过了一项 17 万亿美元的支出法案，其中包括 450 亿美元对乌克兰的进一步援助，从而避免了部分政府关门。预计乔·拜登总统将在未来几天签署该法案。立法者们赶在周五午夜前通过这项法案，当时联邦机构目前的资金即将用完。

【法国】【枪击】“巴黎市中心”+“库尔德社区中心”=怨恨

Three people were killed, and several injured, by a gunman who opened fire in central Paris. Witnesses said the attacker seemed to be targeting a Kurdish community centre. One suspect, aged 69, was detained by police. The man had previously been arrested for attacking tents in a migrant camp. Gérald Darmanin, the interior minister, said that the gunman was “clearly targeting foreigners”.

一名枪手在巴黎市中心开枪，造成 3 人死亡，数人受伤。目击者称，袭击者的目标似乎是库尔德社区中心。一名 69 岁的嫌疑人被警方拘留。这名男子此前因袭击移民营地的帐篷而被捕。内政部长盖拉尔德·达尔曼（Gérald Darmanin）表示，枪手“显然是针对外国人”。

【俄罗斯】【石油】卖方决定价格下限、买方决定价格上限

Russia may cut oil output by up to 7% in early 2023, said Alexander Novak, a deputy prime minister. This month the EU, the G7 and Australia imposed a $60-a-barrel price cap on Russian seaborne oil. But Mr Novak said that Russia had diversified its buyers and would not sell to any country that applied the cap.

副总理亚历山大·诺瓦克（Alexander Novak）表示，俄罗斯可能在 2023 年初将石油产量削减 7%。本月，欧盟、七国集团和澳大利亚对俄罗斯海运石油实行每桶 60 美元的价格上限。但诺瓦克表示，俄罗斯已将其买家进行区分，不会向任何实施上限的国家出售。

【美国】【总统、指控】祝贺美国走上清算前总统的康庄大道

The committee investigating the assault on America’s Capitol in 2021 released its final report, blaming the attack on “one man”—Donald Trump. The former president is accused of carrying out “a multi-part plan to overturn the 2020 presidential election”. The report’s release is the culmination of an 18-month-long investigation and comes days after the committee recommended that Mr Trump be charged with federal crimes.

调查 2021 美国国会大厦袭击事件的委员会发布了最终报告，将袭击归咎于“一个人”——唐纳德·特朗普。这位前总统被指控实施“推翻 2020 年总统选举的多部分计划”。这份报告的发布是长达 18 个月的调查的高潮，此前几天，委员会建议特朗普被控联邦犯罪。

【日本】【经济】靠国防消纳通胀如抱薪救火

Inflation in Japan rose to a four-decade high in November. The core consumer price index, which excludes food prices, increased by 3.7% year on year, well above the Bank of Japan’s target of 2%. Meanwhile, on Friday the cabinet approved a budget that will increase defence spending by $51.4bn in 2023, amid rising threats from China, North Korea and Russia.

11 月，日本的通货膨胀率升至 40 年来的最高水平。核心消费者价格指数（不包括食品价格）同比增长 3.7%，远高于日本央行 2%的目标。与此同时，在中国、朝鲜和俄罗斯的威胁日益加剧的情况下，内阁周五批准了一项预算，将在 2023 年增加 514 亿美元的国防开支。

【美国】【互联网巨头】免费用户是互联网巨头的利润来源

Meta, Facebook’s parent company, agreed to pay $725m to settle a class-action lawsuit in America, which accused the social-media platform of allowing third parties, including Cambridge Analytica, a British consultancy, to access users’ data. The plaintiffs’ lawyers said the settlement is the largest ever obtained in a data-privacy class-action suit in America. The settlement still needs to be approved by a federal judge in San Francisco.

Facebook 的母公司 Meta 同意支付 7.25 亿美元解决美国的一宗集体诉讼，该诉讼指控该社交媒体平台允许包括英国咨询公司剑桥分析公司在内的第三方访问用户数据。原告律师表示，该和解是美国有史以来最大的数据隐私集体诉讼。和解仍需得到旧金山联邦法官的批准。

【美国】【气候】冬季风暴已发展成“炸弹气旋”⁠

More than 1.5m Americans were left without power as huge swathes of the country, particularly the midwest and north-east, battled Arctic temperatures, high winds, snow and heavy rain. Meteorologists said the winter storm had developed into a “bomb cyclone”⁠—a storm that rapidly intensifies—⁠⁠over the Great Lakes region. Thousands of flights were cancelled.

由于美国大片地区，特别是中西部和东北部地区，与北极气温、大风、雪和大雨作斗争，超过 150 万美国人失去了电力。气象学家表示，冬季风暴已发展成“炸弹气旋”⁠—迅速加剧的风暴-⁠⁠ 在大湖区上空。数以千计的航班被取消。

【美国】【传记】2022 年推出了一些具有启发性的传记

“Confidence Man”, a chronicle of the life and lies of the 45th president of the United States, from outer-borough brat to White House bully, was one of our favourite books of 2022. As was “The Age of the Strongman”, also about Donald Trump—as well as his contemporaries, including Xi Jinping and Muhammad bin Salman. In business, try “Money Men”, Dan McCrum’s dramatic story of the demise of Wirecard, once one of Europe’s brightest tech stars. Or pick up “Chip War”, a timely guide to semiconductors that details the economic, geopolitical and technological forces shaping an essential industry. For lighter fare, 2022 offered some illuminating biographies, including one on Agatha Christie. Alternatively, tuck into some fiction, such as “The Candy House”, a novel about what humans lose in offering up their private lives to algorithms that mine them for profit—a kind of 21st-century “Middlemarch”.

《自信人》（Confidence Man）是我们 2022 年最喜欢的书之一，它记录了美国第 45 任总统的生活和谎言，从外地人到白宫恶霸。

在商业上，试试丹·麦克鲁姆（Dan McCrum）的戏剧故事《有钱人》（Money Men），它讲述了 Wirecard 的消亡，Wirecard 曾是欧洲最耀眼的科技明星之一。或者拿起《芯片战争》（Chip War），这是一本及时的半导体指南，详细介绍了塑造一个重要产业的经济、地缘政治和技术力量。

2022 年推出了一些具有启发性的传记，其中包括阿加莎·克里斯蒂的传记。或者，不妨看一些小说，比如《糖果屋》（The Candy House），这是一部讲述人类将自己的私生活奉献给算法以获取利润的小说，类似于 21 世纪的《米德尔马奇》（Middlemarch）。

【国际】【电视剧】2022 年最佳电视剧包括关于厨师、喜剧演员和被清洗的间谍的系列

The best television of 2022 included series about chefs, comedians and washed-up spies. In the third season of “Barry”, Bill Hader plays an assassin who takes up amateur dramatics. “Slow Horses”, a welcome addition to the well-trodden genre of British espionage dramas, mixes serious stakes with cynical humour. And “The Bear” depicts the gulf between the hierarchical world of haute cuisine and a disorderly sandwich shop in Chicago (to which the protagonist returns after his brother’s death). Our favourite films are similarly varied. Some Hollywood blockbusters were a delight. “Everything Everywhere All at Once” was an ambitious, unpredictable, sci-fi kung-fu action comedy. But “RRR”, a Telugu-language epic, proved to audiences around the world that Indian films could be as action-packed, entertaining and excessive as anything produced in Los Angeles. Our full list also includes French, Iranian, Irish and Swedish movies.

2022 年最佳电视剧包括关于厨师、喜剧演员和被清洗的间谍的系列。在《巴里》的第三季中，比尔·哈德尔饰演一个从事业余戏剧表演的刺客。《慢马》（Slow Horses）是英国谍战剧中备受欢迎的一部，它将严肃的利害关系与玩世不恭的幽默糅合在一起。《熊》描绘了高级烹饪的等级世界和芝加哥一家混乱的三明治店之间的鸿沟（主人公在哥哥去世后回到那里）。

我们最喜欢的电影也各不相同。一些好莱坞大片令人欣喜。《万物皆有》是一部雄心勃勃、变幻莫测的科幻功夫动作喜剧。但泰卢固语史诗《RRR》向全世界观众证明，印度电影可以像洛杉矶制作的任何电影一样充满动作、娱乐和过度。我们的完整列表还包括法国、伊朗、爱尔兰和瑞典电影。

【国际】【厨房】乌克兰厨师讲美食，舆论战全面升级

The book of Ecclesiastes says that “there is no new thing under the sun”. That remains largely true in the kitchen. But modern chefs have something that cooks of old did not: social media. Many people turn to TikTok, a video-sharing app, for “food hacks” and similar recipe-like instructions. This year “pink sauce”, a concoction containing dragon fruit, garlic, lemon juice and milk, became popular. Then allegations emerged that bottles of the stuff blew up in transit and lacked proper preservatives. It is a reminder that recipes can start out viral—and end up bacterial. Still, microbes are not always an enemy. In Japan koji—a mould grown on cooked grains—has been used for centuries to make miso. Its popularity has recently grown, and “Koji Alchemy: Rediscovering the Magic of Mould-Based Fermentation”, released in 2022, offered an extensive guide. Elsewhere, Russia’s invasion sparked justified interest in Ukrainian culture, including its diverse and unique cuisine. Olia Hercules, a Ukrainian chef, has an enticing recipe for a wintry day: poppy-seed strudel studded with nuts and apples.

《传道书》说“太阳底下没有新事物”。这在厨房里基本上是正确的。但现代厨师有一些老厨师没有的东西：社交媒体。许多人求助于视频分享应用 TikTok，寻求“美食诀窍”和类似食谱的指导。今年，一种含有龙果、大蒜、柠檬汁和牛奶的混合物“粉红酱”开始流行。随后，有指控称，这些瓶子在运输过程中爆炸，并且缺乏适当的防腐剂。这是一个提醒，食谱可能从病毒开始，到细菌结束。

尽管如此，微生物并不总是敌人。在日本，一种生长在熟谷物上的霉菌——曲酒被用来制作味噌已有几个世纪了。它的人气最近有所增长，2022 年发布的《Koji 炼金术：重新发现霉菌发酵的魔力》提供了广泛的指南。在其他地方，俄罗斯的入侵引发了对乌克兰文化的正当兴趣，包括其多样而独特的美食。乌克兰厨师奥利娅·赫拉克勒斯（Olia Hercules）为冬日准备了一道诱人的食谱：点缀着坚果和苹果的罂粟籽馅饼。

【国际】【播客】语言阻止思考，这是播客成功的原因

**The best podcasts of 2022** Some of our favourite podcasts this year had a common theme: American democracy. “The Run-Up”, a show by the New York Times, was a clear-eyed reflection on America’s recent political history ahead of the midterm elections. “Will be Wild” asked what drew rioters to the Capitol building on January 6th 2021. Other standouts looked at less well-trodden stories. “Wild Boys” detailed the intriguing tale of two emaciated boys who walked out of a forest in British Columbia in 2003. They had grown up among the trees, they said, largely untouched by civilisation. “Can I Tell You a Secret?” is just as gripping, but far more chilling. It told the story of Matthew Hardy, a British cyber-stalker, who harassed at least 62 women—yet was not convicted for more than a decade. Our full list of recommendations includes shows about climate change in Miami and an exploration of why people host dinner parties.Language is actually employed to keep thought at bay.Harold Pinter

今年我们最喜欢的一些播客有一个共同的主题：美国民主。《纽约时报》（New York Times）的节目《奔跑吧》（The Run Up）清晰地反映了中期选举前美国最近的政治历史。2021 1 月 6 日，《Will be Wild》问及是什么吸引暴徒来到国会大厦。

其他脱颖而出的人则关注那些不那么被人熟知的故事。《野男孩》详细讲述了 2003 年两个瘦弱的男孩走出不列颠哥伦比亚省森林的有趣故事。他们说，他们是在树林中长大的，基本上没有受到文明的影响。《我能告诉你一个秘密吗？》同样扣人心弦，但更令人心寒。它讲述了英国网络跟踪者马修·哈迪（Matthew Hardy）的故事，他骚扰了至少 62 名女性，但十多年来没有被定罪。我们的完整建议清单包括迈阿密气候变化的节目，以及人们为什么举办晚宴的探索。语言实际上是用来阻止思考的。哈罗德·平特（Harold Pinter）