张春成
2023/01/14阅读：30主题：默认主题
The world in brief 【2023-01-14】
The world in brief 【2023-01-14】
资本主义时代已然落幕，现在是债务主义。
只要百姓在工作和消费，经济就不会衰退。
国家强大在不于体量而在于潜力。
助产士不会带着孩子回家。
【俄罗斯】【战争】俄罗斯国防部表示已经攻占了索莱达尔
两家继续掰扯。
Russia’s ministry of defence said its forces had captured Soledar after months of hurling regular troops and mercenaries at the eastern Ukrainian town. Ukraine’s spokesperson for its troops in the east, however, said that fighting continued and accused Russia of “dispersing information noise”. A Russian success would mark the country’s first victory in half a year and pave the way to cut off the nearby city of Bakhmut.
俄罗斯国防部表示，在向乌克兰东部城镇投掷正规军和雇佣兵数月后，俄罗斯军队已经攻占了索莱达尔。然而，乌克兰东部部队发言人表示，战斗仍在继续，并指责俄罗斯“散布信息噪音”。俄罗斯的成功将标志着该国半年来的首次胜利，并为切断附近城市巴赫穆特的道路铺平道路。
【美国】【财政】美国财政部长警告，政府将无法在6月前偿还债务
通胀加息的美国是怎么还不上债的？
America’s treasury secretary warned that the government will be unable to service its debt by June unless Congress raises the statutory borrowing limit. Janet Yellen said that, starting on Thursday, the government will have to start repurposing funds to pay its bills. Raising the debt ceiling from $31.4trn is needed to avoid a sovereign default. With Republican fiscal hawks newly empowered in Congress, brinkmanship awaits.
美国财政部长警告说，除非国会提高法定借款限额，否则政府将无法在6月前偿还债务。珍妮特·耶伦（Janet Yellen）表示，从周四开始，政府将不得不重新调整资金用途，以支付账单。为了避免主权违约，需要将债务上限从314万亿美元上调。随着共和党财政鹰派在国会获得新的权力，边缘政策正在等待。
【美国】【经济】摩根大通2022年第四季度利润同比增长6%
资本主义时代已然落幕，现在是债务主义。
JPMorgan Chase, America’s largest bank by assets, reported that profit in the fourth quarter of 2022 grew by 6% year on year, to $11bn. That owed much to higher interest rates and an increase of 48% in net interest income (the gap between lending revenues and borrowing costs). But the bank set aside $1.4bn in anticipation of credit losses and predicted a “mild recession” ahead.
美国资产规模最大的银行摩根大通（JPMorgan Chase）报告称，2022年第四季度利润同比增长6%，达到110亿美元。这在很大程度上归功于更高的利率和48%的净利息收入（贷款收入和借贷成本之间的差距）。但由于预计信贷损失，该银行预留了14亿美元，并预测未来将出现“轻度衰退”。
【美国】【军售】拜登政府将寻求国会批准向土耳其出售F-16战斗机
挖墙角快挖到树根了。
The Biden administration will seek congressional approval to sell F-16 fighter jets to Turkey, according to the Wall Street Journal. The $20bn sale, of 40 aircraft, will be conditional on Turkey ratifying Sweden and Finland’s bids to join NATO. Turkey recently put its Russian-made S-400 missile system in storage; in 2019 America had cancelled a separate aircraft sale to Turkey in protest over that purchase.
据《华尔街日报》报道，拜登政府将寻求国会批准向土耳其出售F-16战斗机。这笔价值200亿美元的40架飞机的交易将以土耳其批准瑞典和芬兰加入北约为条件。土耳其最近将其俄罗斯制造的S-400导弹系统储存起来；2019年，美国取消了对土耳其的单独飞机销售，以抗议此次购买。
【巴西】【司法】联邦警察将于周一要求美国引渡他的前任安德森·托雷斯
Brazil’s justice minister said the federal police would request that America extradite his predecessor, Anderson Torres, on Monday if Mr Torres fails to turn himself in. Mr Torres was in charge of public security during the Brasília riots on January 8th, though he was in Florida at the time and remains there. He has been stripped of that job; there is an order out for his arrest.
巴西司法部长表示，如果托雷斯未能自首，联邦警察将于周一要求美国引渡他的前任安德森·托雷斯。托雷斯在1月8日的巴西骚乱中负责公共安全，尽管当时他在佛罗里达州，目前仍在那里。他被剥夺了那份工作，逮捕他的命令也已经签发。
【美国】【司法】纽约市一名法官起诉特朗普旗下两家公司17项重罪
免税是一种福利。
A New York City judge has fined two companies belonging to Donald Trump a total of $1.6m for committing 17 felonies, including tax fraud. The businesses were convicted last month of paying their top executives with untaxed perks such as apartments and Mercedes-Benz cars. Mr Trump himself was not on trial.
纽约市一名法官对唐纳德·特朗普（Donald Trump）旗下的两家公司处以总计160万美元的罚款，罪名包括17项重罪，包括税务欺诈。上个月，这些企业因向高管支付公寓和奔驰汽车等免税福利而被定罪。特朗普本人没有受审。
【英国】【经济】英国经济意外增长0.1%
只要百姓在工作和消费，经济就不会衰退。
Britain’s economy unexpectedly grew by 0.1% from October to November as pubs and restaurants filled up with people watching the World Cup. The figures suggest that Britain could narrowly avoid recession, defined as two quarters of contracting GDP, at the end of 2022. But strikes continue to weigh down the economy, which is still smaller than it was before the covid-19 pandemic.
10月至11月，英国经济意外增长0.1%，酒吧和餐馆挤满了观看世界杯的人。这些数字表明，英国可以在2022年底勉强避免衰退，即GDP收缩的四分之二。但罢工继续拖累着经济，经济规模仍小于新冠肺炎流行之前。
【德国】【能源】德国停止使用俄罗斯天然气
国家强大在不于体量而在于潜力。
Germany weans itself off Russian gas On Saturday Olaf Scholz, Germany’s chancellor, and Robert Habeck, the economy minister, will travel to Lubmin on the Baltic coast to open the country’s second floating terminal for liquefied natural gas (LNG). It is another milestone in the country’s effort to reduce its consumption of Russian gas. Until the end of last year Germany had no infrastructure to import LNG. Its other terminal opened on the North Sea coast in December. A third will soon open there too. By the end of this year Germany will have inaugurated half a dozen, providing enough import capacity to cover a third of Germany’s total gas needs. To build LNG terminals at such speed has cost the taxpayer billions of euros, but it will help ensure Germany can get through the next winter without gas shortages.
德国停止使用俄罗斯天然气
周六，德国总理奥拉夫·肖尔茨（Olaf Scholz）和经济部长罗伯特·哈贝克（Robert Habeck）将前往波罗的海沿岸的卢布林，开启该国第二个液化天然气（LNG）浮动码头。这是该国努力减少俄罗斯天然气消费的又一里程碑。
直到去年年底，德国还没有进口液化天然气的基础设施。另一个航站楼于去年12月在北海海岸启用。第三个也将很快在那里开放。到今年年底，德国将建成六个天然气工厂，提供足够的进口能力，满足德国天然气总需求的三分之一。以这样的速度建造液化天然气接收站已经花费了纳税人数十亿欧元，但这将有助于确保德国能够在没有天然气短缺的情况下度过下一个冬天。
【非洲】【娱乐】《泰坦大哥》重返非洲
在非洲，真人秀节目也很受欢迎。
“Big Brother” returns to Africa One of the world’s best-known reality television shows returns to Africa’s screens on Sunday with a special edition called “Big Brother Titans”. Contestants from the rival continental powers of Nigeria and South Africa will be pitted against each other for the first time. And there’s $100,000 on the line. Spin-offs of the TV franchise have been a huge success in Africa since it first aired there in 2003. Initially there was “Big Brother Africa”. DStv, a broadcaster, has often hosted channels carrying nothing but 24/7 live-streams of the houses where contestants live together and try to avoid being voted out. (The last one standing takes the cash.) Showmax, which streams DStv’s content, reported in 2020 that Big Brother Naija (Nigeria), a national version, was its most-watched livestream ever. Nigerians made up only half its viewership. As the continent-wide edition returns, there is hope that its mix of scandal, romance and high drama will again have pan-African appeal.
“老大哥”重返非洲
周日，世界上最著名的真人秀节目之一《泰坦大哥》（Big Brother Titans）将重返非洲荧屏。来自尼日利亚和南非这两个大陆强国的参赛者将首次交锋。这里所说的是10万美元的生意。
自2003年在非洲首播以来，电视特许经营权的分拆在非洲取得了巨大成功。最初有“非洲大哥”。DStv是一家广播公司，它经常拍摄这样一些节目，全天候直播参赛者共同居住的房屋，参赛者尽量避免被投票出局。（因为赢者通吃。）直播DStv内容的Showmax在2020年报道称，全国版本的《大兄弟奈贾》（尼日利亚）是其有史以来最受关注的直播。尼日利亚人只占一半的观众。随着全大陆版的回归，人们希望它的丑闻、浪漫和高戏剧性的组合将再次具有泛非洲的吸引力。
【国际】【健康、过敏】水煮花生可用于治疗过敏
多喝点热水，多吃点花生。
Boiled peanuts used to treat allergies Between 1 and 3% of people in most countries must scrupulously avoid peanuts or risk anaphylactic shock. And the allergy’s prevalence has tripled in the past two decades in America. To help sufferers, researchers have been experimenting with exposure therapy using boiled peanuts, which washes out some of their immunoreactive proteins. (This may be why peanut allergies are less prevalent in East Asia, where people usually boil their peanuts). The latest results, published in the journal Clinical & Experimental Allergy, are promising. In the trial, 70 children with a peanut allergy underwent a year-long peanut training regimen. They began by eating some peanut boiled for 12 hours and escalating the dose every week. Eventually, they could nibble peanuts boiled for only two hours, and after a year most could scoff 12 roasted peanuts at a time. A slow process, but surely worth it to spare people the EpiPen or a trip to hospital. For these children at least, the label “may contain nuts” is no longer tantamount to a skull and crossbones.
用于治疗过敏的水煮花生
在大多数国家，1%至3%的人必须谨慎避免食用花生，否则会有过敏性休克的风险。在过去的二十年里，美国过敏的流行率增加了两倍。为了帮助患者，研究人员一直在用煮熟的花生进行暴露疗法的实验，这种疗法可以洗去一些免疫反应蛋白。（这可能是为什么花生过敏在东亚地区不那么普遍的原因，人们通常在那里煮花生）。发表在《临床与实验过敏》杂志上的最新研究结果很有希望。
在试验中，70名花生过敏儿童接受了为期一年的花生训练。他们开始吃一些煮了12小时的花生，每周增加剂量。最终，他们只需两个小时就能啃下煮过的花生，一年后，大多数人一次就能啃下12个烤花生。这是一个缓慢的过程，但绝对值得让人们不用EpiPen或去医院。至少对这些孩子来说，“可能含有坚果”的标签不再等同于骷髅头和十字骨。
【国际】【娱乐】J.R.Moehringer，代笔王子
助产士不会带着孩子回家
Weekend profile: J.R. Moehringer, prince of ghostwriters As John Joseph (known as J.R.) Moehringer put it himself, “the midwife doesn’t go home with the baby”. Such is the lot of ghostwriters. You might expect Mr Moehringer to observe his own rule with extra rigour after he midwifed Prince Harry’s todger-and-all memoir, “Spare”. Yet the furore surrounding the book has prompted Mr Moehringer to bend it, mainly by defending several inaccuracies on Twitter. Perhaps that’s because “Spare” is just as much Mr Moehringer’s work as Harry’s. From chimps to champs to princes, Mr Moehringer can find a written voice for anyone, especially if they have daddy issues (and a very large advance). Mr Moehringer, born in 1964 in New York City, started work as a journalist at the New York Times. He once inhabited the voice of Cheeta, the chimp star of the 1930s Tarzan films, to write a piece marking his 75th birthday. But Mr Moehringer’s own memoir, “The Tender Bar”, published in 2005, established his real theme: how to survive dysfunctional families. Mr Moehringer writes of his absent, “brutally insensitive” father, a rock’n’roll DJ. For male role models he had to make do with the alcohol-soaked camaraderie of uncle Charlie and his mates in a bar. The narrative of a lost boy striving to find his true self caught the eye of Andre Agassi, a tennis star of the 1990s with an outrageous mullet. He asked Mr Moehringer to help write his own memoir. Confronted, at first, by a “stilted, resistant” Mr Agassi, Mr Moehringer unlocked his subject, much as he must have done with Harry, with some 250 hours of interviews. The process bears a close resemblance to psychoanalysis. Harry calls Mr Moehringer his “confessor” in the acknowledgments to “Spare”. Mr Agassi’s book, “Open”, was revealing. It turned out that the Wimbledon winner hated tennis. Even the mullet was fake (to hide baldness). And, of course, there was the emotionally distant father. So, as the publishers must have realised, the Moehringer template was a perfect fit for Harry. But what suits publishers may not have best served the prince, who might have hoped to emerge with a bit more dignity. In an age of selfies and social-media exposure, however, dignity is not going to sell books. Prince Harry chose the right ghostwriter to do that.
周末简介：J.R.Moehringer，代笔王子
正如约翰·约瑟夫（被称为J.R.）莫林格自己所说，“助产士不会带着孩子回家”。这就是很多代笔人的真实写照。你可能会期望莫林格先生在为哈里王子的蹒跚学步和回忆录《备胎》代笔后，会更加严格地遵守自己的规则。然而，围绕这本书的愤怒情绪促使莫林格先生改变了这本书，主要是通过在推特上为一些不准确之处辩护。也许这是因为《备胎》和哈利的作品一样多。从黑猩猩到冠军，再到王子，Moehringer先生可以为任何人找到书面的声音，特别是如果他们有父亲的问题（而且进步很大）。
莫林格先生1964年出生于纽约市，开始在《纽约时报》担任记者。他曾在20世纪30年代泰山电影中担任黑猩猩明星奇塔的配音，为自己75岁的生日写了一篇文章。但莫林格先生2005年出版的回忆录《温柔吧》确立了他真正的主题：如何在功能失调的家庭中生存。Moehringer先生写到了他缺席的、“极度迟钝”的父亲，一位摇滚DJ。对于男性榜样来说，他不得不忍受查理叔叔和他在酒吧里的伙伴们酒精浸透的友情。
一个迷失的男孩努力寻找真实自我的故事引起了安德烈·阿加西（Andre Agassi）的注意，他是20世纪90年代的网球明星，长着一条令人愤怒的鲻鱼。他请莫林格先生帮助撰写自己的回忆录。起初，面对一位“高跷、抗拒”的阿加西先生，莫林格先生解开了他的话题，就像他对哈里王子所做的那样，接受了大约250小时的采访。这个过程与精神分析非常相似。哈里在致“Spare”的致谢词中称Moehringer先生为“忏悔者”。
阿加西先生的书《开放》揭示了这一点。原来这位温布尔登冠军讨厌网球。甚至鲻鱼也是假的（为了掩饰秃头）。当然，还有情感上疏远的父亲。因此，正如出版商们肯定意识到的那样，Moehringer模板非常适合哈利。
但适合出版商的可能并不是最适合王子的，王子可能希望自己能有更多的尊严。然而，在一个自拍和社交媒体曝光的时代，尊严不会卖书。哈里王子选择了合适的代笔人。
作者介绍