
A苏弋
V1
2022/10/31阅读:28主题:默认主题
vue-Router
vue+ElementUI
创建工程
-
创建一个名为hello-vue的工程
vue init webpack hello-vue
-
安装依赖,我们需要安装vue-router、element-ui、sass-loader和node-sass四个插件
#进入工程目录 cd hello-vue #安装 vue-router cnpm install vue-router --save-dev #安装 element-ui cnpm i element-ui -S #安装依赖 cnpm install #安装 sass 加载器 cnpm install sass-loader node-sass --save-dev #启动测试 cnpm run dev
安装报错,检查版本是否兼容,支持?
-
Npm命令解释:
-
npm install moduleName: 安装模块到项目目录下 -
npm install -g moduleName: -g的意思是将模块安装到全局,具体安装到磁盘哪个位置,要看npm config prefix的位置 -
npm install --save moduleName: --save的意思是将模块安装到项目目录下,并在package文件的dependencies节点写入依赖,-S为该命令的缩写 -
npm install --save-dev moduleName: --save-dev的意思是将模块安装到项目目录下,并在package文件的devDependencies节点写入依赖,-D为该命令的缩写
-
创建登陆页面
<template>
<div>
<el-form ref="loginForm" :model="form" :rules="rules" label-width="80px" class="login-box">
<h3 class="login-title">欢迎登录</h3>
<el-form-item label="账号" prop="username">
<el-input type="text" placeholder="请输入账号" v-model="form.username"/>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="密码" prop="password">
<el-input type="password" placeholder="请输入密码" v-model="form.password"/>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item>
<el-button type="primary" v-on:click="onSubmit(loginForm)">登录</el-button>
</el-form-item>
</el-form>
<el-dialog
title="温馨提示"
:visible.sync="dialogVisible"
width="30%"
:before-close="handleClose">
<span>请输入账号和密码</span>
<span slot="footer" class="dialog-footer">
<el-button type=primary @click="dialogVisible = false">确 定</el-button>
</span>
</el-dialog>
</div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
name: "login",
data() {
return {
form: {
username:'',
password:''
},
rules:{
username: [
{required:true,message:'账号不可为空',trigger:'blur'}
],
password: [
{required:true,message:'密码不可为空',trigger:'blur'}
]
},
//对话框显示隐藏
dialogVisible:false
}
},
methods: {
onSubmit(formName) {
this.$refs[formName].validate((valid)=>{
if(valid){
this.$router.push('/hjc');
}else{
this.dialogVisible=true;
return false;
}
});
}
}
}
</script>
<style lang="css" scoped>
.login-box{
border: 1px solid #DCDFE6;
width: 350px;
margin: 180px auto;
padding: 35px 35px 15px 35px;
border-radius: 5px;
-webkit-border-radius: 5px;
-moz-border-radius: 5px;
box-shadow: 0 0 25px #909399;
}
.login-title{
text-align: center;
margin: 0 auto 40px auto;
color: #303133;
}
</style>
首页:
<template>
<div>
<h1>首页</h1>
<h2>{{message}}</h2>
</div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
name: "hjc",
data(){
return{
message:"hello vue-router"
}
}
}
</script>
<style scoped>
</style>
路由:
router==》index.js
import Vue from 'vue'
import Router from 'vue-router'
import hjc from "../components/hjc";
import login from "../components/login";
Vue.use(Router)
export default new Router({
routes: [
{
path: '/',
name: 'hjc',
component: hjc
},
{
path:'/hjc',
name:'haojiacheng',
component:hjc
},
{
path:'/login',
name:'login',
component:login
}
]
})
组件:
App.vue:
<template>
<div id="app">
<router-view></router-view>
</div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
name: 'App'
}
</script>
<style>
#app {
font-family: 'Avenir', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
-moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
text-align: center;
color: #2c3e50;
margin-top: 60px;
}
</style>
js文件:
main.js
import Vue from 'vue'
import App from './App'
import router from './router'
import ElementUI from 'element-ui';
import 'element-ui/lib/theme-chalk/index.css';
Vue.config.productionTip = false
Vue.use(router);
Vue.use(ElementUI);
new Vue({
el: '#app',
router,
render:h=>h(App)
})
运行:
npm run dev

传递参数和重定向
两种方法皆可传递对象或数组等参数
一、方法一
-
页面传递参数
<el-menu-item index="1-1"> <router-link class="txt-under" :to="{name:'profile',params:{id:'1'}}">个人信息</router-link> </el-menu-item>
-
配置路由参数接收
{
path:'/hjc',
name:'haojiacheng',
component:hjc,
children:[
{path:'/user/profile/:id',name: 'profile',component:profile},
{path:'/user/list',component:list},
{path:'/main',component:main},
]
}, -
页面获取参数 注意:==$route==
<template> <div> <h1>个人信息</h1> <p>{{$route.params.id}}</p> </div> </template>
二、方法二
-
开启props
{path:'/user/profile/:id',name: 'profile',component:profile,props:true},
-
传递参数(对象 student)
<router-link class="txt-under" :to="{name:'profile',params:{id:'1',student:student}}">个人信息</router-link>
-
接收参数
<template> <div> <h1>个人信息</h1> <p>{{$route.params.id}}</p> <ul> <li v-for="item of student">{{item}}</li> </ul> </div> </template> <script> export default { name: "profile", props:{ student:{ name:'', age:'', phone:'' } } } </script>
路由模式
路由模式有两种
-
hash:路径带 # 号,如http://localhost:8080/#/login -
history: 路径不带 # 号,如http://localhost:8080/login
修改路由配置,代码如下:
export default new Router({
mode:'history',
})
404
处理404创建一个名为NotFound.vue
的视图组件,代码如下
<template>
<div>
<h1>您访问的页面不存在!</h1>
</div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
name: "NotFound"
}
</script>
<style scoped>
</style>
配置路由 index.js:
{
path:'*',
component:NotFound
}
路由钩子与异步请求
beforeRouterEnter: 在进入路由前执行
beforeRouterLeave: 在离开路由前执行
上代码:
beforeRouteEnter:(to, from, next)=>{
console.log("进入路由之前");
next(vm => {
vm.getData()
});
},
beforeRouteLeave:(to, from, next)=>{
console.log("进入路由之后");
next();
},
参数说明:
-
to:路由将要跳转的路径信息 -
from:路径跳转前的路径信息 -
next:路由的控制参数 -
next()跳入下一个页面 -
next('/path')改变路由的跳转方向 -
next(false)返回原来的页面 -
next(vm=>{})仅在beforeRouteEnter中可用,vm是组件实例
-
在钩子函数中使用异步请求
-
安装axios vue-axios
cnpm install --save axios vue-axios
-
main.js 引用Axios
import axios from 'axios';
import VueAxios from 'vue-axios';
Vue.use(VueAxios,axios); -
在beforeRouteEnter中进行异步请求
methods:{
getData:function () {
this.axios({
method:'get',
url:'http://localhost:8080/static/mock/data.json'
}).then(function (response) {
console.log(response)
})
}
} -
导入json文件,放入static下的mock中 data.json
{
"name":"狂神说java",
"url": "http://baidu.com",
"page": 1,
"isNonProfit":true,
"address": {
"street": "含光门",
"city":"陕西西安",
"country": "中国"
},
"links": [
{
"name": "B站",
"url": "https://www.bilibili.com/"
},
{
"name": "4399",
"url": "https://www.4399.com/"
},
{
"name": "百度",
"url": "https://www.baidu.com/"
}
]
} -
npm run dev 运行访问结果如下:
作者介绍

A苏弋
V1